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Indian Railways has spent 61% of its budgeted capital expenditure (capex) allocation by October 2024, totaling ?1.63 lakh crore. This expenditure is part of the ongoing efforts to modernize infrastructure, enhance safety, and improve passenger services. The capex focus includes projects related to track doubling, electrification, station redevelopment, new trains, and upgrading signaling systems, as part of the larger transformation plan to meet growing transportation demands. The capital allocation for the fiscal year is ?2.66 lakh crore, with a significant portion being invested in high-priority projects, including dedicated freight corridors, railway electrification, and the development of high-speed rail systems. These investments are expected to not only improve operational efficiency but also support the government鈥檚 goal of making the Indian Railways more sustainable and competitive. The railways' ongoing modernization efforts are also aligned with its commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by 2030. Significant strides have been made in the transition to electrified rail lines and the development of green technologies, such as solar-powered trains and energy-efficient systems, reducing dependency on fossil fuels.